Macular degeneration is a common eye condition that affects many people, especially as they get older. It’s the leading cause of vision loss in people over 50. Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), affects the macula—the part of your retina that helps you see sharp, detailed images. There are two main types: dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular). Dry AMD is more common and progresses slowly, while wet AMD is less common but can lead to faster vision loss.
Anyone can develop AMD, but certain factors increase your risk of developing this disease:
Age
Age is the most significant risk factor. The chances of developing AMD increase as you get older, especially after age 50.
Family history and genetics
Research has shown that individuals with a family history of the disease are more likely to develop it themselves. If you have parents or siblings who have been diagnosed with macular degeneration, you may be at a higher risk as well. While we cannot change our genetic makeup, being aware of this risk factor can encourage us to take proactive measures to protect our vision.
Race
Caucasians are more likely to develop AMD compared to other races, likely due to genetic factors and differences in eye structure.
Smoking
Certain lifestyle choices can also increase your risk of developing macular degeneration. Smoking, for example, has been strongly linked to an increased risk of this condition. The chemicals in cigarettes can damage your retina and speed up the progression of the disease. Additionally, diet and nutrition play a crucial role in maintaining overall eye health.
Gender
Women are slightly more likely to develop AMD than men, possibly because they tend to live longer.
Medical conditions
Individuals with certain medical conditions are also at a higher risk for developing macular degeneration. Conditions such as high blood pressure, obesity, and cardiovascular disease can impact blood flow to the eyes and increase the likelihood of developing AMD.
Sunlight exposure
Spending a lot of time in the sun without protecting your eyes can increase your risk. Wearing sunglasses with UV protection can help.
What you can do to protect your eyes
Even though some risk factors, like age and genetics, are out of your control, there are plenty of things you can do to reduce your risk:
- Regular eye exams: Routine eye exams are crucial for catching macular degeneration early. At ProEye Vision Center, we recommend annual check-ups for anyone over 50 or who has a family history of AMD.
- Healthy lifestyle: Eating a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids can support your eye health. Avoid smoking, manage your weight, and stay active.
- Protect your eyes: Wear sunglasses with 100% UV protection when you’re outside to shield your eyes from harmful rays.
- Be mindful of any vision changes: If you notice any changes in your vision, like blurriness or distortion, let us know right away.
Understanding your risk for macular degeneration is the first step in protecting your vision. At ProEye Vision Center, we provide personalized care and the latest treatments to help you maintain your eye health. If you have any concerns or are at risk for AMD, schedule an appointment with us today.
